İngilizcede Geçmiş Zaman
İngilizcede was ve were kullanımını A1 seviyesinde öğrenin. Olumlu, olumsuz ve soru cümleleri, kısa cevaplar ve kolay örnekler.
İngilizcede geçmişte bir kişinin veya şeyin nerede olduğunu, nasıl olduğunu ya da ne durumda olduğunu anlatmak için was ve were kullanılır.
I was tired yesterday.
Dün yorgundum.
They were at home last night.
Dün gece evdeydiler.
Was ve were, am, is ve are fiillerinin geçmiş zaman halleridir.
1. Was ve Were Nedir?
Was ve were, To Be fiilinin geçmiş zaman halleridir.
| Şimdiki zaman | Geçmiş zaman |
|---|---|
| am | was |
| is | was |
| are | were |
I am happy today.
Bugün mutluyum.
I was happy yesterday.
Dün mutluydum.
2. Was ve Were Ne Zaman Kullanılır?
Was ve were geçmişte:
- Bir yerde bulunmayı
- Bir durumda olmayı
- Yaş, hava ve duyguları
- Meslek veya kimlik bilgilerini
- Geçmişte var olan şeyleri
anlatmak için kullanılır.
She was at school yesterday.
O dün okuldaydı.
3. Özneye Göre Was ve Were
| Özne | Kullanım |
|---|---|
| I | was |
| You | were |
| He | was |
| She | was |
| It | was |
| We | were |
| They | were |
4. Was Kullanılan Özneler
Was şu öznelerle kullanılır:
- I
- He
- She
- It
- Tekil isimler
Mert was at work.
Mert işteydi.
5. I ile Was Kullanımı
I öznesiyle was kullanılır.
I was at home yesterday.
Dün evdeydim.
❌ I were at home.
✅ I was at home.
6. He ile Was Kullanımı
He öznesiyle was kullanılır.
He was very busy last week.
O geçen hafta çok meşguldü.
7. She ile Was Kullanımı
She öznesiyle was kullanılır.
She was tired after work.
O işten sonra yorgundu.
8. It ile Was Kullanımı
It öznesiyle was kullanılır.
It was cold yesterday.
Dün hava soğuktu.
The film was interesting.
Film ilginçti.
9. Tekil İsimlerle Was Kullanımı
Tek bir kişi, hayvan, nesne veya yerle was kullanılır.
The cat was under the table.
Kedi masanın altındaydı.
The shop was closed.
Mağaza kapalıydı.
10. Were Kullanılan Özneler
Were şu öznelerle kullanılır:
- You
- We
- They
- Çoğul isimler
We were at the cinema.
Sinemadaydık.
11. You ile Were Kullanımı
You tekil veya çoğul olsa da were kullanılır.
You were late yesterday.
Dün geç kaldın.
You were very helpful.
Çok yardımseverdiniz.
12. We ile Were Kullanımı
We öznesiyle were kullanılır.
We were at home last night.
Dün gece evdeydik.
13. They ile Were Kullanımı
They öznesiyle were kullanılır.
They were very happy.
Onlar çok mutluydu.
14. Çoğul İsimlerle Were Kullanımı
Birden fazla kişi veya nesneyle were kullanılır.
The students were in the classroom.
Öğrenciler sınıftaydı.
The books were on the table.
Kitaplar masanın üzerindeydi.
15. Olumlu Cümle Yapısı
Formül
Özne + was/were + tamamlayıcı
Tamamlayıcı bir sıfat, isim veya yer ifadesi olabilir.
Merve was tired.
Merve yorgundu.
They were at the park.
Onlar parktaydı.
16. Was / Were + Sıfat
Geçmişte bir kişinin veya şeyin nasıl olduğunu anlatmak için was veya were sonrasında sıfat kullanılabilir.
I was nervous.
Gergindim.
The children were excited.
Çocuklar heyecanlıydı.
17. Was / Were + Yer
Geçmişte nerede olduğumuzu anlatmak için yer ifadeleri kullanılabilir.
She was at the hospital.
O hastanedeydi.
We were in Istanbul.
İstanbul’daydık.
18. Was / Were + İsim
Geçmişteki meslek, görev veya kimlik bilgisini anlatabiliriz.
My father was a teacher.
Babam öğretmendi.
They were students.
Onlar öğrenciydi.
19. Olumsuz Cümle Yapısı
Olumsuz cümlelerde was veya were sonrasında not kullanılır.
Formül
Özne + was/were + not + tamamlayıcı
I was not tired.
Yorgun değildim.
They were not at home.
Onlar evde değildi.
20. Was Not ve Wasn’t
Was not, wasn’t şeklinde kısaltılabilir.
| Uzun hali | Kısaltması |
|---|---|
| was not | wasn’t |
She wasn’t at school yesterday.
O dün okulda değildi.
21. Were Not ve Weren’t
Were not, weren’t şeklinde kısaltılabilir.
| Uzun hali | Kısaltması |
|---|---|
| were not | weren’t |
We weren’t busy last week.
Geçen hafta meşgul değildik.
22. Soru Cümlesi Yapısı
Soru cümlesi oluşturmak için was veya were cümlenin başına gelir.
Formül
Was/Were + özne + tamamlayıcı?
Was she at home?
O evde miydi?
Were they tired?
Onlar yorgun muydu?
23. Was ile Sorular
I, he, she, it ve tekil isimlerle başlayan sorularda was kullanılır.
Was Mert at work yesterday?
Mert dün işte miydi?
Was the weather cold?
Hava soğuk muydu?
24. Were ile Sorular
You, we, they ve çoğul isimlerle were kullanılır.
Were you at school?
Okulda mıydın?
Were the children in the garden?
Çocuklar bahçede miydi?
25. Kısa Cevaplar
| Soru | Olumlu cevap | Olumsuz cevap |
|---|---|---|
| Was she tired? | Yes, she was. | No, she wasn’t. |
| Were they at home? | Yes, they were. | No, they weren’t. |
| Were you busy? | Yes, I was. | No, I wasn’t. |
Dikkat
Were you tired?
Yorgun muydun?
Yes, I was.
Evet, yorgundum.
Soru were ile başlasa da cevapta I ile was kullanılır.
26. Soru Kelimeleriyle Kullanımı
Where, when, why ve how gibi soru kelimeleri was veya were öncesinde kullanılır.
Formül
Soru kelimesi + was/were + özne?
Where were you yesterday?
Dün neredeydin?
Why was she sad?
O neden üzgündü?
27. Was Born ve Were Born Kullanımı
Doğum yeri veya doğum tarihini anlatırken was born ve were born kullanılır.
I was born in Istanbul.
İstanbul’da doğdum.
They were born in 2005.
Onlar 2005 yılında doğdu.
Dikkat
❌ I born in Istanbul.
✅ I was born in Istanbul.
28. Geçmiş Zaman İfadeleri
Was ve were ile şu zaman ifadeleri sık kullanılır:
| İngilizce | Türkçesi |
|---|---|
| yesterday | dün |
| last night | dün gece |
| last week | geçen hafta |
| last month | geçen ay |
| last year | geçen yıl |
| two days ago | iki gün önce |
| in 2020 | 2020 yılında |
We were very busy last month.
Geçen ay çok meşguldük.
There Was ve There Were Kullanımı
Geçmişte bir yerde bir şeyin bulunduğunu anlatmak için there was ve there were kullanılır.
Tekil veya Sayılamayan İsim
There was
There was a café here.
Burada bir kafe vardı.
Çoğul İsim
There were
There were two cafés here.
Burada iki kafe vardı.
Şimdiki Zaman ve Geçmiş Zaman Farkı
| Şimdiki zaman | Geçmiş zaman |
|---|---|
| I am tired. | I was tired. |
| Yorgunum. | Yorgundum. |
| She is at home. | She was at home. |
| O evde. | O evdeydi. |
| They are happy. | They were happy. |
| Onlar mutlu. | Onlar mutluydu. |
Günlük Hayattan Mini Diyalog
Ece: Where were you yesterday?
Dün neredeydin?
Mert: I was at home. I was very tired.
Evdeydim. Çok yorgundum.
Ece: Was Merve with you?
Merve seninle miydi?
Mert: No, she wasn’t. She was at work.
Hayır, değildi. İşteydi.
Ece: Were your parents at home?
Annen ve baban evde miydi?
Mert: Yes, they were.
Evet, evdeydiler.
En Sık Yapılan Hatalar
| Yanlış | Doğrusu | Neden? |
|---|---|---|
| I were tired. | I was tired. | I ile was kullanılır. |
| They was at home. | They were at home. | They ile were kullanılır. |
| She were happy. | She was happy. | She ile was kullanılır. |
| We was late. | We were late. | We ile were kullanılır. |
| I didn’t was tired. | I wasn’t tired. | To Be olumsuzluğu wasn’t ile yapılır. |
| Did she was at home? | Was she at home? | To Be sorusunda did kullanılmaz. |
| Was they busy? | Were they busy? | They ile were kullanılır. |
| Were he at school? | Was he at school? | He ile was kullanılır. |
| I was borned in Ankara. | I was born in Ankara. | Doğru ifade was born şeklindedir. |
| There was two cars. | There were two cars. | Çoğul isimle there were kullanılır. |
Konuyu Kolay Hatırlamanın Yolu
Was Kullanılan Özneler
- I
- He
- She
- It
- Tekil isimler
Were Kullanılan Özneler
- You
- We
- They
- Çoğul isimler
Olumlu
I was tired.
Olumsuz
I wasn’t tired.
Soru
Was I tired?
Was / Were Konusunu Hikâyelerle Pekiştir
Was ve were yapılarını geçmişte yaşanan olayları anlatan hikâyelerde sık sık görebilirsin.
Hikâyeleri dinlerken şu yapılara dikkat et:
- I was tired.
- She was at home.
- They were happy.
- Was he late?
- We weren’t at school.
A1 Seviye İngilizce Hikâyeler
Hikâyeleri YouTube üzerinden izleyebilir veya Spotify üzerinden dinleyebilirsin.
Mini Özet
- Was ve were, am, is ve are fiillerinin geçmiş zaman halleridir.
- I, he, she ve it ile was kullanılır.
- You, we ve they ile were kullanılır.
- Tekil isimlerle was kullanılır.
- Çoğul isimlerle were kullanılır.
- Olumsuz yapılar wasn’t ve weren’t şeklindedir.
- Soru cümlesinde was veya were başa gelir.
- To Be sorularında did kullanılmaz.
- Kısa cevaplarda was veya were tekrar kullanılır.
- Yer, duygu, yaş ve durum anlatılabilir.
- Was born ve were born doğum bilgisi verir.
- There was tekil, there were çoğul isimlerle kullanılır.
- Yesterday, last week ve ago geçmiş zaman ifadeleridir.
Son Söz
Tebrikler! Artık geçmişte nerede olduğunu, nasıl hissettiğini ve bir kişinin ya da şeyin nasıl olduğunu anlatabilirsin.
Şu yapılarla pratik yapabilirsin:
I was…
We were…
I wasn’t…
Were you…?
Şimdi öğrendiklerini alıştırmalarla pekiştirebilirsin.
➡️ Was / Were Alıştırmaları ve Cevap Anahtarı
➡️ Bir sonraki ders: Ünite 28: Past Simple – Regular Verbs (Düzenli Fiiller)
SEMAY İLE İNGİLİZCE 
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